surface tension value

Asked by gholamreza esmaeili

hello everybody,

this code exist in trunck master for two phase flow_drainage, i can't understand why surface tension in this code is given 10 ( unsat.surfaceTension = 10),while the true value of water
surface tension is equal to 0 .0728 ?

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

import matplotlib; matplotlib.rc('axes',grid=True)
from yade import pack
import pylab
from numpy import *

utils.readParamsFromTable(seed=1,num_spheres=1000,compFricDegree = 15.0)
from yade.params import table

seed=table.seed
num_spheres=table.num_spheres# number of spheres
compFricDegree = table.compFricDegree # initial contact friction during the confining phase (will be decreased during the REFD compaction process)
confiningS=-1e5

## creat a packing with a specific particle side distribution (PSD)
psdSizes,psdCumm=[.599,0.6,0.849,0.85,1.0,1.40],[0.,0.35,0.35,0.70,.70,1.]
sp=pack.SpherePack()
mn,mx=Vector3(0,0,0),Vector3(10,10,10)
sp.makeCloud(minCorner=mn,maxCorner=mx,psdSizes=psdSizes,psdCumm=psdCumm,distributeMass=True,num=num_spheres,seed=seed)

## create material #0, which will be used as default
O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=15e7,poisson=.4,frictionAngle=radians(compFricDegree),density=2600,label='spheres'))
O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=15e7,poisson=.4,frictionAngle=0,density=0,label='frictionless'))

## create walls around the packing
walls=aabbWalls((mn,mx),thickness=0,material='frictionless')
wallIds=O.bodies.append(walls)

O.bodies.append([utils.sphere(center,rad,material='spheres') for center,rad in sp])

triax=TriaxialStressController(
 internalCompaction=True,
 goal1=confiningS,
 goal2=confiningS,
 goal3=confiningS,
 max_vel=10,
 label="triax"
)

newton=NewtonIntegrator(damping=0.4)

O.engines=[
 ForceResetter(),
 InsertionSortCollider([Bo1_Sphere_Aabb(),Bo1_Box_Aabb()]),
 InteractionLoop(
  [Ig2_Sphere_Sphere_ScGeom(),Ig2_Box_Sphere_ScGeom()],
  [Ip2_FrictMat_FrictMat_FrictPhys()],
  [Law2_ScGeom_FrictPhys_CundallStrack()]
 ),
 GlobalStiffnessTimeStepper(active=1,timeStepUpdateInterval=100,timestepSafetyCoefficient=0.8),
 triax,
 newton
]

while 1:
  O.run(1000,True)
  unb=unbalancedForce()
  if unb<0.01 and abs(triax.goal1-triax.meanStress)/abs(triax.goal1)<0.001:
    break

#############################
## REACH NEW EQU. STATE ###
#############################
finalFricDegree = 30 # contact friction during the deviatoric loading

#We move to deviatoric loading, let us turn internal compaction off to keep particles sizes constant
triax.internalCompaction=False
# Change contact friction (remember that decreasing it would generate instantaneous instabilities)
setContactFriction(radians(finalFricDegree))

while 1:
  O.run(1000,True)
  unb=unbalancedForce()
  if unb<0.001 and abs(triax.goal1-triax.meanStress)/abs(triax.goal1)<0.001:
    break

triax.depth0=triax.depth
triax.height0=triax.height
triax.width0=triax.width
O.save('1kPacking.yade') #save the packing, which can be reloaded later.

O.run(1000,True)
ei0=-triax.strain[0];ei1=-triax.strain[1];ei2=-triax.strain[2]
si0=-triax.stress(0)[0];si1=-triax.stress(2)[1];si2=-triax.stress(4)[2]

from yade import plot
O.engines=O.engines+[PyRunner(iterPeriod=20,command='history()',dead=1,label='recorder')]

def history():
   plot.addData(e11=-triax.strain[0]-ei0, e22=-triax.strain[1]-ei1, e33=-triax.strain[2]-ei2,
      s11=-triax.stress(0)[0]-si0,
      s22=-triax.stress(2)[1]-si1,
      s33=-triax.stress(4)[2]-si2,
      pc=-unsat.bndCondValue[2],
      sw=unsat.getSaturation(False),
      i=O.iter
      )

plot.plots={'pc':('sw',None,'e22')}
plot.plot()

#######################################################
## Drainage Test under oedometer conditions ###
#######################################################
##oedometer conditions
triax.stressMask=2
triax.goal1=triax.goal3=0
goalTop=triax.stress(3)[1]
triax.goal2=goalTop
triax.wall_bottom_activated=0
recorder.dead=0

##Instantiate a two-phase engine
unsat=TwoPhaseFlowEngine()
meanDiameter=(O.bodies[-1].shape.radius + O.bodies[6].shape.radius) / 2.

##set boundary conditions, the drainage is controlled by decreasing W-phase pressure and keeping NW-phase pressure constant
unsat.bndCondIsPressure=[0,0,1,1,0,0]
unsat.bndCondValue=[0,0,-1e8,0,0,0]
unsat.isPhaseTrapped=True #the W-phase can be disconnected from its reservoir
unsat.initialization()
unsat.surfaceTension = 10

##start invasion, the data of normalized pc-sw-strain will be written into pcSwStrain.txt
file=open('pcSwStrain.txt',"w")
for pg in arange(1.0e-5,15.0,0.1):
  #increase gaz pressure at the top boundary
  unsat.bndCondValue=[0,0,(-1.0)*pg*unsat.surfaceTension/meanDiameter,0,0,0]
  #compute the evolution of interfaces
  unsat.invasion()
  #save the phases distribution in vtk format, to be displayed by paraview
  unsat.savePhaseVtk("./")
  #compute and apply the capillary forces on each particle
  unsat.computeCapillaryForce()
  for b in O.bodies:
    O.forces.setPermF(b.id, unsat.fluidForce(b.id))
  #reac
  while 1:
    O.run(1000,True)
    unb=unbalancedForce()
    if unb<0.01:
      break
  file.write(str(pg)+" "+str(unsat.getSaturation(False))+" "+str(triax.strain[1]-ei1)+"\n")
file.close()

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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Revision history for this message
Robert Caulk (rcaulk) said :
#1

Example scripts are not usually meant to be realistic. And even if it was meant to be realistic, why are you assuming they are simulating water? And even if they were simulating water, why are you assuming the unit system? And even if you knew the unit system, they might be scaling values...:-)

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