How to solve the problem of particles penetrating through boundary in triaxial test?
Hello everybody:
I am using the following code to conduct the triaxial test. But the particles penetrate through the boundary in the triaxial test. How to fix this problem?
from yade import pack, qt
#######
### DEFINING VARIABLES AND MATERIALS ###
#######
# The following 5 lines will be used later for batch execution
nRead = readParamsFromT
num_spheres = 1000, # number of spheres
compFricDegree = 30, # contact friction during the confining phase
key = '_triax_base_', # put you simulation's name here
unknownOk = True
)
from yade.params import table
num_spheres = table.num_spheres # number of spheres
key = table.key
targetPorosity = 0.43 #the porosity we want for the packing
compFricDegree = table.compFricD
finalFricDegree = 30 # contact friction during the deviatoric loading
rate = -0.02 # loading rate (strain rate)
damp = 0.2 # damping coefficient
stabilityThreshold = 0.01 # we test unbalancedForce against this value in different loops (see below)
young = 5e6 # contact stiffness
mn, mx = Vector3(0,0,0), Vector3(1,1,1) # corners of the initial packing
# create materials for spheres and plates
O.materials.
O.materials.
# create walls around the packing
walls = aabbWalls(
wallIds = O.bodies.
## use a SpherePack object to generate a random loose particles packing
sp = pack.SpherePack()
sp.makeCloud(
O.bodies.
#or alternatively (higher level function doing exactly the same):
#sp.toSimulati
#######
### DEFINING ENGINES ###
#######
triax = TriaxialStressC
maxMultiplier=
finalMaxMultip
thickness=0,
stressMask=7,
internalCompac
)
newton = NewtonIntegrato
O.engines = [
ForceResetter(),
InsertionSortC
InteractionLoop(
[Ig2_
[Ip2_
[Law2_
),
## We will use the global stiffness of each body to determine an optimal timestep (see https:/
GlobalStiffnes
triax,
newton
]
# Display spheres with 2 colors for seeing rotations better
Gl1_Sphere.stripes = 0
if nRead == 0: yade.qt.
#######
### APPLYING CONFINING PRESSURE ###
#######
# the value of (isotropic) confining stress defines the target stress to be applied in all three directions
triax.goal1 = triax.goal2 = triax.goal3 = -10000
while 1:
O.run(1000, True)
# the global unbalanced force on dynamic bodies, thus excluding boundaries, which are not at equilibrium
unb = unbalancedForce()
# print(f"unbalanced force:{unb},mean stress:
print 'unbalanced force:',unb,' mean stress: ',triax.meanStress
if unb < stabilityThreshold and abs(-10000-
break
O.save(
print "### Isotropic state saved ###"
#######
### REACHING A SPECIFIED POROSITY PRECISELY ###
#######
import sys #this is only for the flush() below
while triax.porosity > targetPorosity:
## we decrease friction value and apply it to all the bodies and contacts
compFricDegree = 0.95*compFricDegree
setContactFric
print "\r Friction: ",compFricDegree," porosity:
sys.stdout.flush()
O.run(500,1)
O.save(
print "### Compacted state saved ###"
#######
### DEVIATORIC LOADING ###
#######
# We move to deviatoric loading, let us turn internal compaction off to keep particles sizes constant
triax.internalC
# Change contact friction (remember that decreasing it would generate instantaneous instabilities)
setContactFrict
# set stress control on x and z, we will impose strain rate on y
triax.stressMask = 5
# now goal2 is the target strain rate
triax.goal2 = rate
# we define the lateral stresses during the test, here the same 10kPa as for the initial confinement.
triax.goal1=-10000
triax.goal3=-10000
# we can change damping here. What is the effect in your opinion?
newton.damping=0.1
O.engines= O.engines + [PyRunner(
# Save temporary state in live memory. This state will be reloaded from the interface with the "reload" button.
O.saveTmp()
#######
### Example of how to record and plot data ###
#######
from yade import plot
# a function saving variables
def history():
plot.addData(
e11=-
s11=-
s22=-
s33=-
DeviatorStres
i=O.iter
)
plot.plots=
plot.plot()
O.run(124700)
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