how to apply displacement on the DEM model

Asked by dan.wang

hi

i am a new learner here, and now i generate a DEM model using Geogen (since I want to simulate a 2D model), and now my question is

1. how to apply the displacement on the top the model (e.g., I want to apply 0.5mm on particles of the top of the model);
2. how to fix the DOFs of the particles on the bottom of the model?

my model file is (without the displacement applied)
from yade import plot,qt
from yade.pack import *
from yade import plot, ymport

O.materials.append(CpmMat(damLaw=0,young=170e9,density=4800,frictionAngle=atan(0.8),poisson=0.4,sigmaT=20e8,epsCrackOnset=0.8e-4,relDuctility=300,label='cpm'))
kw={'material':'cpm'}
O.bodies.append(ymport.gengeoFile('geo_crack.geo',shift=Vector3(0.0,0.0,0.0),scale=1.0,**kw))

O.dt=1e-8

EnlargeFactor=1.0
O.engines=[
 ForceResetter(),
 InsertionSortCollider([Bo1_Sphere_Aabb(aabbEnlargeFactor=EnlargeFactor,label='bo1s')]),
 InteractionLoop(
  [Ig2_Sphere_Sphere_ScGeom(interactionDetectionFactor=EnlargeFactor,label='ig2ss')],
  [Ip2_CpmMat_CpmMat_CpmPhys()],[Law2_ScGeom_CpmPhys_Cpm()]),
 NewtonIntegrator(),

]

O.run(100,True)

and the 'geo_crack.geo' is :
LSMGeometry 1.2
BoundingBox 0 0 0.0 150 150 0.0
PeriodicBoundaries 0 0 0
Dimension 2D
BeginParticles
Simple
489
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EndConnect

Question information

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Yade Edit question
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Solved by:
Jan Stránský
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Jan Stránský (honzik) said :
#1

Hello,

2)
###
bottom = [b for b in O.bodies if b.state.pos[2] < 0.1] # for example
for b in bottom: b.state.blockedDOFs = 'xyzXYZ'
###

1) it is possible to prescribe directly displacement by changing position:
###
for b in top: b.state.pos = b.state.pos + desiredDisplacement
###
but it is not recommended in YADE. Better prescribe velocity (together with some DOFs blocked):
###
for b in top:
   b.state.blockedDOFs = 'z' # e.g. only z displacement blocked
   b.state.vel = desiredDisplacement / O.dt
O.step()
for b in top:
   b.state.vel = Vector3.Zero
###

or instead of sudden jump, you can prescribe velocity for linear increase of displacement.

cheers
Jan

Revision history for this message
dan.wang (dan.wang) said :
#2

Thank you so much for your help, Jan

Revision history for this message
dan.wang (dan.wang) said :
#3

Thanks Jan Stránský, that solved my question.

Revision history for this message
Jan Stránský (honzik) said :
#8

Hello,

> for b in top:
> b.state.vel[1] = -1/ O.dt
> O.step()

O.step should not be in the for loop:
for b in top:
        b.state.vel[1] = -1/ O.dt
O.step()

Please be more specific on what "embed" and "expand" means..

The situation what you get is after 1 iteration, so there is no time for other particles to react. The displacement is applied in just one time step, it is also possible to set lower velocity and let the velocity be applied for longer time to get "smooth" displacement.

Jan

Revision history for this message
dan.wang (dan.wang) said :
#9

hi

I summarized the questions as following:

when i want to apply the total displacement (e.g., 20) on the top particles with dt=1e-5 and total step is 100000, i think after the simulation, the displacement of the top particles are exactly 20, however, when i use the method talked above, the displacement of the top particles are not the same, also not 20. Why this happen, is there any misunderstanding of the O.dt?

the code is :
from yade import plot,qt, pack, ymport

O.materials.append(CpmMat(damLaw=0,young=170e9,density=4800,frictionAngle=atan(0.8),poisson=0.4,sigmaT=20e8,epsCrackOnset=0.8e-4,relDuctility=300,label='cpm'))
kw={'material':'cpm'}
O.bodies.append(ymport.gengeoFile('geo_crack.geo',shift=Vector3(0.0,0.0,0.0),scale=1.0,**kw))

#O.periodic=True ### note!!! add
O.dt=1e-5

EnlargeFactor=1.0
O.engines=[
 ForceResetter(),
 InsertionSortCollider([Bo1_Sphere_Aabb(aabbEnlargeFactor=EnlargeFactor,label='bo1s')]),
 InteractionLoop(
  [Ig2_Sphere_Sphere_ScGeom(interactionDetectionFactor=EnlargeFactor,label='ig2ss')],
  [Ip2_CpmMat_CpmMat_CpmPhys()],[Law2_ScGeom_CpmPhys_Cpm()]),
 NewtonIntegrator(),

]
#only XY directions are needed
for b in O.bodies:
        b.state.blockedDOFs='zXY'
###
bottom = [b for b in O.bodies if b.state.pos[1] < 9.66] # for example
for b in bottom: b.state.blockedDOFs = 'xyzXYZ'

top = [b for b in O.bodies if b.state.pos[1] > 140.6] # for example

steps=100000
totalDisplacement=20.0

for i in range(0,steps):
        displacement=totalDisplacement/steps
        for b in top:
               b.state.vel[1] = displacement/ O.dt
               O.step()
        for b in top:
               b.state.vel = Vector3.Zero

the geo_crack.geo file is shown in the original question.

Thanks!

Lei

Revision history for this message
Best Jan Stránský (honzik) said :
#10

> for b in top:
> b.state.vel[1] = displacement/ O.dt
> O.step()

Again, O.step() should not be in the inner loop

> for b in top:
> b.state.vel = Vector3.Zero

this was just for the case of sudden displacement, in the case of "smooth" displacement, no need to reset the velocity (or maybe after predefined 100000 iterations).

> b.state.vel[1] = displacement/ O.dt

I think this does not work, vel has to be set as one vector

The prescribed velocity is anyway modified by NewtonIntegrator. If you want the value to be constant, block the corresponding DOF.
In the case of constant velocity, you can just set it at the beginning and then let it run. The script after defining top and bottom could be:
####
steps=100000
totalDisplacement=-20.0 # (!) negative value = against y axis
displacement=totalDisplacement/steps
for b in top:
   b.state.blockedDOFs = 'zyXY' # (!) blocking also y direction not to be modified by interactions with other particles
   b.state.vel = Vector3(0, displacement/ O.dt, 0) # whole Vector3
O.run(steps) # or O.run(steps,True) if you do not need to interact
####

Jan

Revision history for this message
dan.wang (dan.wang) said :
#11

HI Jan

Thanks so much! It solves my problem! Hope you have a nice day!!!

Lei

Revision history for this message
dan.wang (dan.wang) said :
#12

Thanks Jan Stránský, that solved my question.