Every Time I update the earlier version keeps loading in my grub load box

Asked by Jade Jensen

A friend helped me install ubuntu on my computer with windows so I would have two operating systems. At first the Grub boot box only had a choice between ubuntu and windows boot. Every time I update through the update manager I get Another ubuntu boot and now I have 5 ubuntu boots and 1 window boot. I think something is wrong and I don't know what to do. My ubuntu is Ubuntu 9.10
                - the Karmic Koala - released in October 2009 and supported until April 2011.
and my
 gnome is Version: 2.28.1Distributor: Ubuntu Build Date: 11/03/09.

can you help me

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PeterPall
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marcobra (Marco Braida) (marcobra) said :
#1

they are installed kernels (core parts of the operative system) so to list the installed kernel on your pc
please open a terminal and type or better copy and paste from here to terminal the row below:

dpkg -l | grep -i ^ii | grep -i linux-image

Please copy from terminal and paste here the result...

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Jade Jensen (smart-2000-1) said :
#2

I did some more research in launchpad and many people in launchpad say that these kernels take up memory and that you should delete them. They also say you should keep the current kernel that is working and the recently installed one incase the recent installed one doesn't work right you can still function in the one that was currently working. My Question is will this command: dpkg -l | grep -i ^ii | grep -i linux-image do that? I just figured out these were kernels. sorry for my first poorly worded question that you responded to. Also will this mess up the listing for windows vista? I am a new user of ubuntu so I need exact details. please inform me of where the terminal is. Thank You Marco Braida

Sincerely,
Jade Jensen

I look forward to hearing from you.

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Best PeterPall (peterpall) said :
#3

The grep command will find all kernels installed on your system:

dpkg -l

outputs a list of all software that is installed on your computer, the | passes the output to the next command in the command line instead of printing it out,

grep is a search-tool that prints out all lines that match the search pattern you specify. You can either specify a word - or a regexp, a way to specify extremely flexible search patterns. If you'll ever have to learn how to use them you will find out that they are very mighty tools.
grep -i ^ii
searches for a line with the following pattern:
 - -i tells it to ignore if a character is in upper or lower case
 - ^ stands for the beginning of a line
 - and ii stands for "ii", the mark dpkg prints out to show a package is installed.

grep -i linux-image
searches for the word linux-image in all input lines it gets and again doesn't care if letters are upper- or lower case.

The kernel is the first thing that is loaded when linux is loaded. It cares about accessing the hardware, how to open, read and write files, multitasking, communication between programs, so in short nearly anything.

You have to keep at least one kernel installed or else your linux system won't be able to do anything --- and since the kernel is this important on an upgrade the old kernel (that uses up about 100 Megabytes) is kept - just for the case that the newer one won't work.

Having said all this:
There is an easier way to find out which packages are installed - and to install or uninstall any program you want:
Click on
System/Administration/Package manager. It has a search function that can search for "linux-image" for you if you want to.

If the package list ubuntu provides you is not big enough and you want to install other software - no problem, either: Go to settings/repositories, check every source of software that is listed there and type into the "section(s)" line the following words:

main restricted universe multiverse partner

This will enable the following software sources:

 - Main is everything that is directly supported by the Ubuntu giys
 - Restricted is everything that is not technically free (in the sense that you can access its source code at all times) or not free to use in all countries
 - universe are packages provided by volunteers that help making ubuntu
 - multiverse are even more packages with very good software - but aren't directly maintained
   by anybody associated with Ubuntu
 - and partner are commercial programs - that most of the time don't cost any money.

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PeterPall (peterpall) said :
#4

You asked where the terminal is, too.

It's Accessoires/Terminal in the start menu.

If you happen to find any program that doesn't provide a start menu entry just open a terminal and type the program's name. It will open up suddenly.

If the program has no graphical interface the terminal even allows to access a set of manuals:

Just type

man

(short for manual) followed by the program name.

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Jade Jensen (smart-2000-1) said :
#5

Thanks PeterPall, that solved my question.