Netbook not booting after update

boot to liveCD and check your boot partition matches that UUID. You can do this with:

sudo blkid

If its different you can edit the fstab file in the internal partition to match. If it DOES match then yuo may want to try changing the fstab file to use the /dev/sda format instead.

Have no CD on my netbook. That is why I made a bootable USB with "Universal USB Installer", to install Live Ubuntu Distribution on USB. From my USB device, Live Ubuntu worked properly for a long period. That is why I decided to install it, directly from the USB device. Now the problem is that nothing works at all. I checked bios and booting from USB comes first, before HDD. Ubuntu wil not boot from the USB device.

The live USB is the same as the LiveCD in this case. Mount the internal partition from the places menu and you can use:

gksudo nautilus

to get write access to any files.

The bug is reported by Grub, so it occurs before fstab is used (which doesn't prevent you to fix fstab).
You have to edit file /boot/grub/grub.cfg with the right UUID of the boot partition.
Could you also post result of commands:
    sudo blkid
    sudo parted -l
where "-l" is lowercase "L".
If you need help to fix grub.cfg; could you also post the lines around the first kernel to load, like:

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-24-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
 recordfail
 insmod ext2
 set root='(hd0,1)'
 search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set fb9410b8-c8fe-4e2c-aec2-6b61654499b3
 linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic root=UUID=fb9410b8-c8fe-4e2c-aec2-6b61654499b3 ro
 initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-24-generic
}

Is your problem solved ? If not I can try to help, else, please, could you mark question "Solved".

Problem not solved. But now I can boot live USB. Can someone please guide me, step by step, what to do?

See https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2#Reinstalling%20from%20LiveCD
Process with USB key is same as with CD.
If you need help, please post result of command
    sudo parted -l
where "-l" is lowercase "L". This will display list of partition.

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This question was expired because it remained in the 'Open' state without activity for the last 15 days.