Ubuntu 21.10 not booting after upgrade

How did you upgrade, what exactly happens when you try booting?
More details, please!

System suggested to upgrade and I did. Now when I boot it writes. Kernel panic -not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown block (0,0)

Does the system successfully boot when you select "advanced options" and an older kernel version from the grub menu?

Yes it does. I manages to boot using advanced mode with previous kernel version
Cannot open root device sdb3 or unknown-block(0,0): error -6

I am trying to find any information for this error.

I fixed the boot problem and now it is looking for libsystemd-shared-247.so but has to look for libsystemd-shared-247.so

Setting up systemd (248.3-1ubuntu8) ...
systemd-machine-id-setup: error while loading shared libraries: libsystemd-shared-247.so

readelf -d /usr/bin/systemd-machine-id-setup

 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libsystemd-shared-247.so]
 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
 0x000000000000001d (RUNPATH) Library runpath: [/lib/systemd]
 0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x2000
 0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x3c68
 0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x5b30
 0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
 0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x5b38
 0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)
 0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x3b0
 0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x9d8
 0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x3f0
 0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 1049 (bytes)
 0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)
 0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0
 0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x5e10
 0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 1224 (bytes)
 0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA
 0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x10b0
 0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0xed0
 0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 480 (bytes)
 0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)
 0x000000000000001e (FLAGS) BIND_NOW
 0x000000006ffffffb (FLAGS_1) Flags: NOW PIE
 0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0xe70
 0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 2
 0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0xdf2
 0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 10
 0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0

FATAL ERROR:
Both /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libselinux.so.1 and /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libselinux.so.1 exist.

It seems that some systemd-related packages have not been correctly upgraded.

For diagnostic purposes, what is the output of

sudo dpkg --audit
dpkg -l | grep 247.3
dpkg -l | grep 248.3

The following packages have been unpacked but not yet configured.
They must be configured using dpkg --configure or the configure
menu option in dselect for them to work:
 apturl install packages using the apt protocol - GTK+ frontend
 apturl-common install packages using the apt protocol - common data
 brltty Access software for a blind person using a braille displa
 colord system service to manage device colour profiles -- system
 console-setup console font and keymap setup program
 console-setup-linux Linux specific part of console-setup
 dbus-user-session simple interprocess messaging system (systemd --user inte
 dmeventd Linux Kernel Device Mapper event daemon
 fprintd D-Bus daemon for fingerprint reader access
 gconf-service GNOME configuration database system (D-Bus service)
 gconf-service-backend GNOME configuration database system (D-Bus service)
 gconf2 GNOME configuration database system (support tools)
 gdm3 GNOME Display Manager
 gnome-control-center utilities to configure the GNOME desktop
 gnome-initial-setup Initial GNOME system setup helper
 gnome-remote-desktop Remote desktop daemon for GNOME using PipeWire
 gnome-session GNOME Session Manager - GNOME 3 session
 gnome-settings-daemon daemon handling the GNOME session settings
 gnome-shell graphical shell for the GNOME desktop
 gnome-shell-extension-appindicator AppIndicator, KStatusNotifierItem and tray
 gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons-ng desktop icon support for GNOME Shell
 gnome-shell-extension-prefs tool to enable / disable GNOME Shell extensions
 gnome-shell-extension-ubuntu-dock Ubuntu Dock for GNOME Shell
 gnome-software Software Center for GNOME
 gnome-software-plugin-snap Snap support for GNOME Software
 gnome-tweaks tool to adjust advanced configuration settings for GNOME
 gparted GNOME partition editor
 gstreamer1.0-packagekit GStreamer plugin to install codecs using PackageKit
 indicator-session indicator showing session management, status and user swi
 init metapackage ensuring an init system is installed
 kbd Linux console font and keytable utilities
 language-pack-en translation updates for language English
 language-pack-en-base translations for language English
 language-pack-gnome-en GNOME translation updates for language English
 language-pack-gnome-en-base GNOME translations for language English
 language-pack-gnome-ru GNOME translation updates for language Russian
 language-pack-gnome-ru-base GNOME translations for language Russian
 language-pack-ru translation updates for language Russian
 language-pack-ru-base translations for language Russian
 liblvm2cmd2.03:amd64 LVM2 command library
 libnss-mymachines:amd64 nss module to resolve hostnames for local container insta
 libnss-systemd:amd64 nss module providing dynamic user and group name resoluti
 libpam-fprintd:amd64 PAM module for fingerprint authentication through fprintd
 libpam-systemd:amd64 system and service manager - PAM module
 libvirt-daemon-system Libvirt daemon configuration files
 libvirt-daemon-system-systemd Libvirt daemon configuration files (systemd)
 linux-generic Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
 linux-image-5.13.0-19-generic Signed kernel image generic
 linux-image-generic Generic Linux kernel image
 linux-modules-5.13.0-19-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.13.0
 linux-modules-extra-5.13.0-19-generic Linux kernel extra modules for version 5
 lvm2 Linux Logical Volume Manager
 nautilus-share Nautilus extension to share folder using Samba
 netplan.io YAML network configuration abstraction for various backen
 network-manager network management framework (daemon and userspace tools)
 network-manager-config-connectivity-ubuntu NetworkManager configuration to ena
 network-manager-gnome network management framework (GNOME frontend)
 network-manager-openvpn network management framework (OpenVPN plugin core)
 network-manager-openvpn-gnome network management framework (OpenVPN plugin GNO
 network-manager-pptp network management framework (PPTP plugin core)
 network-manager-pptp-gnome network management framework (PPTP plugin GNOME GUI
 packagekit Provides a package management service
 packagekit-tools Provides PackageKit command-line tools
 plymouth boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer
 plymouth-label boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer - label contro
 plymouth-theme-spinner boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer - spinner th
 plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer - ubuntu
 plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text boot animation, logger and I/O multiplexer - ubuntu
 policykit-1 framework for managing administrative policies and privil
 python3-distupgrade manage release upgrades
 python3-update-manager python 3.x module for update-manager
 qemu-block-extra extra block backend modules for qemu-system and qemu-util
 qemu-system-common QEMU full system emulation binaries (common files)
 qemu-system-gui:amd64 QEMU full system emulation binaries (user interface and a
 qemu-system-x86 QEMU full system emulation binaries (x86)
 qemu-utils QEMU utilities
 snapd Daemon and tooling that enable snap packages
 software-properties-common manage the repositories that you install software f
 software-properties-gtk manage the repositories that you install software from
 systemd-container systemd container/nspawn tools
 systemd-sysv system and service manager - SysV links
 ubuntu-core-launcher Transitional package for snapd
 ubuntu-desktop The Ubuntu desktop system
 ubuntu-desktop-minimal The Ubuntu desktop minimal system
 ubuntu-minimal Minimal core of Ubuntu
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-core manage release upgrades
 ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk manage release upgrades
 ubuntu-session Ubuntu session with GNOME Shell
 ubuntu-standard The Ubuntu standard system
 unity-session Unity session, previous ubuntu default experience.
 update-manager GNOME application that manages apt updates
 update-manager-core manage release upgrades
 update-notifier Daemon which notifies about package updates
 update-notifier-common Files shared between update-notifier and other packages

The following packages are only half configured, probably due to problems
configuring them the first time. The configuration should be retried using
dpkg --configure <package> or the configure menu option in dselect:
 systemd system and service manager
 usrmerge Convert the system to the merged /usr directories scheme

The following packages are only half configured, probably due to problems
configuring them the first time. The configuration should be retried using
dpkg --configure <package> or the configure menu option in dselect:
 systemd system and service manager
 usrmerge Convert the system to the merged /usr directories scheme

The following packages are missing the list control file in the
database, they need to be reinstalled:
 usrmerge Convert the system to the merged /usr directories scheme

The following packages are missing the md5sums control file in the
database, they need to be reinstalled:
 usrmerge Convert the system to the merged /usr directories scheme

dpkg -l | grep 248.3
ii libnss-myhostname:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 nss module providing fallback resolution for the current hostname
iU libnss-mymachines:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 nss module to resolve hostnames for local container instances
iU libnss-systemd:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 nss module providing dynamic user and group name resolution
iU libpam-systemd:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 system and service manager - PAM module
ii libsystemd0:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 systemd utility library
ii libsystemd0:i386 248.3-1ubuntu8 i386 systemd utility library
ii libudev1:amd64 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 libudev shared library
ii libudev1:i386 248.3-1ubuntu8 i386 libudev shared library
iF systemd 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 system and service manager
iU systemd-container 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 systemd container/nspawn tools
iU systemd-sysv 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 system and service manager - SysV links
ii systemd-timesyncd 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 minimalistic service to synchronize local time with NTP servers
ii udev 248.3-1ubuntu8 amd64 /dev/ and hotplug management daemon

dpkg -l | grep 247.3 empty output

Try

sudo apt install --reinstall systemd

and report the results.

Internal Error, No file name for systemd:amd64

Unexpected, but then try

sudo apt install systemd

it works now , thank you very much