Ubuntu 16.04 install, corrupt partitions

I am a newbie, so please keep that in mind.

I had Ubuntu 16.04 LTS installed on my machine as a Windows dual-boot option. I have a Dell Insperon 15 5000 laptop with NVIDIA graphics card.

When installing Ubuntu, the Ubuntu boot up screen froze on me. Upon advice from others, I disabled secure boot to be able to install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

I was having issues with Ubuntu freezing, especially upon resuming from sleep mode. I also was having issues with my LAMP stack, so I decided to reinstall Ubuntu altogether.

I started Windows and freed up the partition that Ubuntu was using. I then downloaded the Ubuntu 16.04 LTS ISO again from the Ubuntu website. I used Rufus to clear the previous version so I had and redownloaded the files onto my USB stick.

I went through the same process again. Disabling secure boot, etc...

I pulled up the GRUB and selected 'try Ubuntu'. I had to edit something where I had to remove 'quiet splash' or something of that nature and replace it with nouveau.modeset=0.

I was able to pull up the OS after that. I clicked on the install Ubuntu icon located on the desktop screen. I selected a size of 400GB and clicked install. Then it froze again.

I forced reboot my machine and started the process again. This time, the installer was giving me a smaller size (132 GB) than the last time. I went with it anyways. This time, the installation process completed and I restarted my machine again. Now, Ubuntu will not boot up.

I went ahead and booted into Windows 10 and it was incredibly slow. I looked at the partition and it appears that Ubuntu was installed on only 19GB of a partition. I went to try to shrink another partion, and it said the C: partition may be corrupted and the F: partition (what Ubuntu is on) is corrupted. What do I do?