Can I re-distribute linux-image's /lib/firmware/* ?

Asked by Fumihito YOSHIDA

I(We) make some customized kernels for some purpose, so I need including /lib/firmware/* files for my(our) customized kernel packages.

But, /lib/firmware/* files are including Intel Centrino(R) and other proprietary binary files. I feel that they are restricted or multiverse.

And, I worry that their files are binding by some heavy re-distributable license (e.g.: old Sun JRE, Adobe Reader, Skype, and so on..).

Anyone knows "/lib/firmware/*"'s license term?
Can I(We) re-distibute my(our) customized kernel with /lib/firmware/* files?

Or, "re-distirbute is free, but using is not (It solved by restricted-manager's license agreement management)"?.

[For your information]
If you need including "/lib/firmware/*" customized kernel-packages, see below. But this is own way, without intelligence...

0) get some items
 $ sudo apt-get build-dep linux-image-(version)
 $ sudo apt-get install fakeroot libncurses5-dev

1) get pakackages's source

 $ cd ~
 $ apt-get source linux-image-(version)
 $ cd linux-source-(version)

2) customize debian/control, debian/changelog, and Makefile

 You must edit debian/control file, others are optional.

3) copy config file
 $ cp /boot/config-(version) .config

4) menuconfig
 $ make -s menuconfig

5) build package
 $ UBUNTUBUILD=1 DEBIAN_SRCTOP=~/kern/linux-source-(version) fakeroot make-kpkg -initrd kernel_image kernel_headers modules_image

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Fumihito YOSHIDA
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Bruce Cowan (bruce89-deactivatedaccount) said :
#1

This is the Debian GNU/Linux prepackaged version of restricted Linux modules.

This package was put together by Herbert Xu <email address hidden>
and Fabio M. Di Nitto <email address hidden> in August 2004.

This package has been created from the following source:

madwifi: http://sourceforge.net/projects/madwifi/
nvidia: ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/1.0-6111/NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-6111-pkg0.run
 based on Randall Donald <email address hidden> Debian packages.
avm: ftp://ftp.avm.de/cardware

Copyright and Licenses:

MADWIFI
-------

Main Driver:

All files contained in this distribution are covered by the following
copyright unless explicitly identified otherwise.

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
 * without modification.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
 * similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below ("Disclaimer") and any
 * redistribution must be conditioned upon including a substantially
 * similar Disclaimer requirement for further binary redistribution.
 * 3. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the names
 * of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 * from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of the
 * GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation.
 *
 * NO WARRANTY
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTIBILITY
 * AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
 * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
 * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
 *
 * $Id: COPYRIGHT,v 1.4 2004/01/13 18:05:41 samleffler Exp $
 */

HAL:

All files contained in this distribution are covered by the following
copyright unless explicitly identified otherwise. Note that this
copyright does _NOT_ contain a "or GPL" clause and does _NOT_ permit
redistribution with changes.

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2004 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting, Atheros
 * Communications, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
 * provided that the following conditions are met:
 * 1. The materials contained herein are unmodified and are used
 * unmodified.
 * 2. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 * notice, this list of conditions and the following NO
 * ''WARRANTY'' disclaimer below (''Disclaimer''), without
 * modification.
 * 3. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a
 * disclaimer similar to the Disclaimer below and any redistribution
 * must be conditioned upon including a substantially similar
 * Disclaimer requirement for further binary redistribution.
 * 4. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the
 * names of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote
 * product derived from this software without specific prior written
 * permission.
 *
 * NO WARRANTY
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ''AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT,
 * MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
 * USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
 * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGES.
 *
 * $Id: COPYRIGHT,v 1.2 2004/05/15 22:26:24 samleffler Exp $
 */

NVIDIA:

Upstream Author: NVIDIA <email address hidden>

Copyright:

First a note from the README file

Q: Why does NVIDIA not provide rpms anymore?

A: Not every Linux distribution uses rpm, and NVIDIA wanted a single
   solution that would work across all Linux distributions. As indicated
   in the NVIDIA Software License, Linux distributions are welcome to
   repackage and redistribute the NVIDIA Linux driver in whatever package
   format they wish.

Furthermore, an email from NVIDIA:

Greetings, Randall! Comments below:

On 30 Jul 2003, Randall Donald wrote:

> To whom it may concern,
>
> My name is Randall Donald and I am the maintainer for the Debian
> downloader packages nvidia-glx-src and nvidia-kernel-src.
> As stated in your license and the README file
> ( "As indicated in the NVIDIA Software License, Linux distributions
> are welcome to repackage and redistribute the NVIDIA Linux driver in
> whatever package format they wish." )
> I wish to include packages containing the Linux driver files in the Debian archive.
> I'd like to know if it is legally permitted to distribute binary kernel modules
> compiled from the NVIDIA kernel module source and Debian kernel headers.

This is fine; thanks for asking.

> I am also wondering if the "No Separation of Components" clause
> ( No Separation of Components. The SOFTWARE is licensed as a
> single product. Its component parts may not be separated for use
> on more than one computer, nor otherwise used separately from the
> other parts.) applies to splitting the glx driver and kernel module source into
> multiple binary packages.

This is also fine. I believe this section of the license was
intended to prevent users from doing things like using our Windows
control panel with a competitor's display driver (that's not actually
possible, but you get the idea...). In the case of separating the
driver into a glx package and a kernel package (like we used to
do ourselves), this is simply a packaging issue; of course users
will use the packages together when they install.

Please feel free to redistribute the NVIDIA graphics driver.

Thank you for doing this for the NVIDIA+Debian community!

- Andy

The NVIDIA Software Licence is as follows.

From http://www.nvidia.com/view.asp?IO=nv_swlicense and extracted from the
installer:

           License For Customer Use of NVIDIA Software

IMPORTANT NOTICE -- READ CAREFULLY: This License For Customer Use of
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DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
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LICENSE is inconsistent with, or cannot be fully enforced under,
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country, or use the SOFTWARE in any manner, prohibited by the
United States Bureau of Export Administration or any export laws,
restrictions or regulations. This LICENSE may only be modified in
writing signed by an authorized officer of NVIDIA.

ATI FGLRX
---------

Packaging scripts:
  Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Flavio Stanchina
  Licensed under the GNU GPL

On Debian GNU/Linux systems, the complete text of the GNU General
Public License can be found in `/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL'.

The rest:

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(d) In addition to the license terms above, with respect to portions of the Software in source code form designed exclusively for use with the Linux operating system (“ATI Linux Code”), you may use, display, modify, copy, distribute, allow others to re-distribute, package and re-package such ATI Linux Code for commercial and non-commercial purposes, provided that:

i) all binary components of the ATI Linux Code are not modified in any way;

ii)the ATI Linux Code is only used as part of the Software and in connection with ATI Hardware;

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AVM FRITZ
---------

Upstream Author: AVM (http://www.avm.de/)

License:

The available AVM driver package consists of two portions, namely an Open
Source Software portion and a Proprietary Source Software portion. The
Proprietary Source Software portion is delivered in binary format only
and includes the firmware (.frm and .bin files) and object code (i.e. the
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LTMODEM
-------

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IPW3945d
--------

Copyright (c) 2006, Intel Corporation.

All rights reserved.

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Revision history for this message
Best Fumihito YOSHIDA (hito) said :
#2

Thanks a lot. My worry is completely solved.

FYI(for users viewing this thread):
some /lib/firmware/* files(ql*) are not came from below.
> madwifi: http://sourceforge.net/projects/madwifi/
> nvidia: ftp://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/1.0-6111/NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-6111-pkg0.run
> based on Randall Donald <email address hidden> Debian packages.
> avm: ftp://ftp.avm.de/cardware

This origin is linux-source("git" kernel), license term is /usr/src/linux-source-2.6.20/Documentation/scsi/LICENSE.qla2xxx .