How do become the "owner" in my hard drive's "properties/permission"?

I think there has been a misunderstanding of the terms used.
The "owner" of the hard drive in the context of the operating system is not the person who bought the physical device, but the user on the system that has the right to manage the permissions to access the files and folders on it.

On Ubuntu folders can have owners on their own. For example your home folder is owned by you and you can read and write it and change the permissions as you want. Since there can be many users on one computer there are folders who are shared and need some security so nobody can mess them up. These folders are owned by "root". It's the systems master account, root can do everything. But with great power comes great responsibility and so the root account can't be accessed easily.
You can use the "sudo" command on the console to gain root rights. Just prefix any valid command with it:

sudo whoami

Yes, that a valid command. It will show you are root now. But the command will ask for your personal password as a security.
This whole system is a fundamental part of the Ubuntu Linux security system.

There might be an other trick: If you bought the computer with Ubuntu installed the system might not allow you to run sudo, if your user account is limited. To see that open the Terminal application and run the simple command

id

then post the output for us. We can tell it you have the correct permissions. If not, if might be a good idea to reinstall Ubuntu to gain full access to the system.

Are you using NTFS, or is this a Linux partition you are using?